Igra mesta UrRoyal Game of Ur
Royal Game of Ur
Spravi vseh 7 figur z začetka, skozi skupni hodnik in natančno z deske pred nasprotnikom. Score all 7 pieces by moving them from the start, through the shared lane, and exactly off the board before your opponent.
Igra mesta Ur spada med najstarejše znane igre na svetu. Deske iz kraljevih grobnic v Uru (današnji Irak) so datirane med 2600 in 2400 pr. n. št. Danes se največ igra Finklova različica: preprosta dirkaška rekonstrukcija, ki jo je kurator Britanskega muzeja Irving Finkel oblikoval iz oblike deske, pomena rozet in primerjav z drugimi starimi dirkaškimi igrami.
The Royal Game of Ur is among the oldest known games in the world — boards found in the Royal Cemetery of Ur (modern Iraq) date to 2600–2400 BCE. The rules were reconstructed by British Museum curator Irving Finkel from a Babylonian cuneiform tablet (c. 177 BCE) combined with analogies from modern games still played in the same region. Note: Finkel did not directly translate rules — he inferred them from the tablet plus his knowledge of ancient race games.
Vira: royalur.net · Wikipedia
Sources: royalur.net · Wikipedia
V škatli: 1 deska z 20 polji v obliki črke H · 7 svetlih figur · 7 temnih figur · 4 tetraedrske kocke. Pri metu šteješ, koliko označenih konic gleda navzgor (0–4).
In the box: 1 board with 20 squares (arranged in an H-shape) · 7 white pieces · 7 black pieces · 4 tetrahedral dice (each with two marked vertices out of four, giving values 0–4)
Postavitev: Desko položita med igralca. Vsak vzame 7 figur ene barve. Vse figure začnejo zunaj deske pri svojem vstopu. Za prvega igralca vrzita kocke; višji met začne in nato vrže še enkrat za prvi premik.
Setup: Place the board between players. Each takes 7 pieces of one colour. All pieces begin off the board at your end. Roll the dice to decide who goes first.
Na svoji potezi vrzi vse štiri kocke in preštej označene konice (0–4). Če imaš veljaven premik, moraš eno figuro premakniti za toliko polj naprej po svoji stezi. Če vržeš 0 ali nimaš nobenega veljavnega premika, potezo izpustiš.
On your turn, roll all four dice and sum the values (0–4). Move one piece that many squares forward along your path. Roll 0 → turn skipped.
Figura zapusti desko samo z natančnim metom. Če ji do konca manjkata 2 polji, potrebuješ met 2; previsok met zanjo ne velja. Ko figura zapusti desko, je varno doma.
A piece that reaches the final square must roll the exact remaining distance to exit. Roll too high → the piece doesn't move. First to get all 7 pieces home wins.
Na deski je 5 polj z rozeto. Ko pristaneš na rozeti, takoj dobiš dodaten met.
There are 5 rosette squares on the board. Landing on one grants an extra roll.
V pravilih RoyalUr.net so rozete tudi varna polja: figure na rozeti ni mogoče ujeti, nasprotnik pa ne sme pristati na zasedeni rozeti.
In the RoyalUr.net Finkel rules, rosettes are also safe squares: a piece on a rosette cannot be captured, and the opponent cannot land on that occupied rosette.
Če v skupnem hodniku pristaneš na polju z nasprotnikovo figuro, jo ujameš: vrne se z deske in mora začeti znova. Na polje z lastno figuro ne smeš stopiti.
Land on your opponent's piece in the shared corridor → it goes back off the board and must re-enter. You cannot land on your own piece.
Diagrami poti: gameofuronline.com
Path diagrams: gameofuronline.com
Najpogosteje igrana različica. Finklova pravila so kratka, hitra za razlago in danes najbolj razširjena. RoyalUr.net jih opisuje kot osnovni moderni standard.
Most widely played version. The Finkel rules are short, easy to teach, and the modern default on RoyalUr.net. They use the short Bell/Finkel movement pattern shown above.
- 7 figur na vsakega7 pieces per player
- 4 tetraedrske kocke (vrednost 0–4)4 tetrahedral dice (values 0–4)
- Rozeta → dodaten met; rozete so varna poljaRosette → extra roll; rosettes are safe squares
- Natančen met za izstop s tableExact roll required to exit the board
Vir: royalur.net
Source: royalur.net
Daljša, bolj taktična pot. Različica Jamesa Mastersa spremeni pot, kocke in pomen rozet. Namen je, da so rozete razporejene v bolj pravilnem ritmu, podobno kot pri sorodni Igri dvajsetih polj.
Longer, more tactical route. James Masters' version changes the path, dice, and rosette meaning so rosettes appear in a steadier rhythm, similar to the related Game of Twenty Squares.
- 3 kocke namesto 43 dice instead of 4
- Met 0 šteje kot premik za 4 poljaRolling 0 counts as a move of 4
- Daljša pot po Mastersovi steziLonger route using the Masters path
- Rozete dajejo dodaten met, niso pa varneRosettes grant an extra roll, but are not safe
Vir: royalur.net
Source: royalur.net
Krajša in ostrejša igra. Blitz je hitra različica z manj figurami in več verižnimi potezami. Primerna je, ko želiš več lovljenja in manj dolgega čakanja.
Shorter and sharper. Blitz uses fewer pieces and more chain turns. It suits players who want more captures and less waiting.
- 5 figur na igralca5 pieces per player
- Uporablja Mastersovo potUses the Masters path
- Rozete niso varneRosettes are not safe
- Ujetje nasprotnika ti da dodaten metCapturing an opponent gives an extra roll
Vir: royalur.net
Source: royalur.net
Tekmovalna različica. Tournament Engine doda več odločanja: vračanje nazaj in zlaganje figur. Je zahtevnejši, a primeren za turnirje, ker daje bolj odločne partije.
Competitive version. Tournament Engine adds more decisions: backward movement and stacking. It is harder to master, but better suited to decisive tournament play.
- 5 figur na igralca5 pieces per player
- Rozete so varne, vendar ne dajejo dodatnega metaRosettes are safe, but do not grant an extra roll
- Figure se lahko zlagajo na rozetah; premika se samo vrh skladaPieces may stack on rosettes; only the top stack moves
- Premik nazaj je dovoljen, ni pa obvezenBackward movement is allowed, but optional
Vir: royalur.net
Source: royalur.net
Zwario / BoardGameGeek, 2021. Ta različica uporablja dvostranske figure. Najprej potujejo do označenih rozet, tam se obrnejo na drugo stran, nato pa se vračajo proti ciljni črti.
Zwario / BoardGameGeek, 2021. This variant uses double-sided pieces. Pieces first travel toward the marked rosettes, flip there, then head back toward the finish line.
- Figure vstopajo na dveh označenih začetnih poljih in se premikajo proti prvi rozetiPieces enter at two marked starting spaces and move toward the first rosette
- Na označenih rozetah se figura obrne na pikčasto stranOn marked rosettes, a piece flips to its dotted side
- Po obratu se figura vrača proti cilju in mora izstopiti z natančnim metomAfter flipping, the piece heads back toward the finish and must exit by exact throw
- Ujameš lahko samo figuro na isti strani: neobrnjena ujame neobrnjeno, obrnjena ujame obrnjenoCaptures only work against matching sides: unflipped captures unflipped, flipped captures flipped
- Varna polja dovolijo zlaganje; premika se samo zgornja figuraSafe spaces allow stacking; only the top piece may move